Reading Craft and Language

Words, Vocabulary and Language

How words, spelling and language shape what we read.

Idioms and Figures of Speech on the Page

Why reading idioms and metaphors literally goes wrong, how to spot figurative language in a text, and what to do when a phrase still does not make sense.

4 min read

Learning New Words From Context

How the sentences around an unfamiliar word hint at its meaning, which clues to look for, and how to decide when guessing is enough and when to look it up.

4 min read

Punctuation as a Guide for Readers

How commas, periods, dashes, colons and quotation marks signal pace, emphasis and relationships between ideas, and how to read them as directions, not decoration.

5 min read

Regional Voices and Dialects in Print

Why writers put dialect on the page, how to read unfamiliar spellings and speech patterns without frustration, and how to approach them respectfully.

5 min read

Why English Spelling Seems So Strange

A short, general account of why English spelling and pronunciation so often disagree, from borrowed words to sound changes and the arrival of printing.

5 min read

Word Roots and Prefixes for Curious Readers

How a few common roots and prefixes help you decode unfamiliar words, with plain examples, honest limits, and tips for using word parts as clues while you read.

5 min read

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